San Marino

San Marino, officially known as the Republic of San Marino, is a small landlocked microstate in southern Europe. It is completely surrounded by Italy and is the third smallest country in Europe, spanning only about 61 square kilometers. Despite its small size, San Marino is renowned for its rich history and beautiful medieval architecture. Established in 301 AD, it claims to be the oldest surviving sovereign state and constitutional republic in the world. With a population of around 33,000, it enjoys a high standard of living and a prosperous economy based on tourism, finance, and industries like ceramics and electronics. San Marino also boasts a vibrant cultural heritage, with numerous museums, art galleries, and music festivals attracting visitors from around the globe.